Subnet Solutions PowerSYSTEM Center  – All CISA Advisories

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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 6.9
• ATTENTION: Low attack complexity
• Vendor: Subnet Solutions Inc.
• Equipment: PowerSYSTEM Center (PSC) 2020
• Vulnerabilities: Out-of-Bounds Read, Deserialization of Untrusted Data

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to cause a denial-of-service condition.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following Subnet Solutions products are affected:

• PowerSYSTEM Center 2020: Versions 5.24.x and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 OUT-OF-BOUNDS READ CWE-125

PowerSYSTEM Center’s SMTPS notification service can be affected by importing an EC certificate with crafted F2m parameters, which can lead to excessive CPU consumption during the evaluation of the curve parameters.

CVE-2025-31354 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-31354. A base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 DESERIALIZATION OF UNTRUSTED DATA CWE-502

PowerSYSTEM Center is affected by a mishandling of exceptional conditions vulnerability. Crafted data that is passed to the API may trigger an exception, resulting in a denial-of-service condition.

CVE-2025-31935 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-31935. A base score of 6.9 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing, Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Canada

3.4 RESEARCHER

Subnet Solutions Inc. reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Subnet Solutions Inc. recommends users update PowerSYSTEM Center (PSC) to the latest versions:

• PSC 2020 Update 25
• PSC 2024

If updating PSC is not possible, Subnet Solutions Inc recommends users apply the following mitigations to help reduce risk:

• Disable Notification Service, Email Dispatch Service, or the outgoing email server in Notifications/Settings.
• Configure PowerSYSTEM Center DCS network firewall to only allow connections to an approved and authorized email server.
• Manage administrator access to PowerSYSTEM Center DCS operating system.
• Monitor user activity records to ensure users are following acceptable usage policies of the application.

For assistance with updating PSC, reach out directly to Subnet Solutions.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

• Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
• Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
• Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• April 10, 2025: Initial Publication.

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