PTZOptics and Other Pan-Tilt-Zoom Cameras  – All CISA Advisories

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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  • CVSS v4 9.3
  • ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
  • Vendor: ValueHD, PTZOptics, multiCAM Systems, SMTAV
  • Equipment: Various pan-tilt-zoom cameras
  • Vulnerabilities: Improper Authentication, Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (‘OS Command Injection’), Use of Hard-coded Credentials

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to leak sensitive data, execute arbitrary commands, and access the admin web interface using hard-coded credentials.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following ValueHD, PTZOptics, multiCAM Systems, and SMTAV products are affected:

  • PTZOptics PT12X-SDI-xx-G2: Versions 6.3.34 and prior (CVE-2025-35451)
  • PTZOptics PT12X-NDI-xx: Versions 6.3.34 and prior (CVE-2025-35451)
  • PTZOptics PT12X-USB-xx-G2: Versions 6.2.81 and prior (CVE-2025-35451)
  • PTZOptics PT20X-SDI-xx-G2: Versions 6.3.20 and prior (CVE-2025-35451)
  • PTZOptics PT20X-NDI-xx: Versions 6.3.20 and prior (CVE-2025-35451)
  • PTZOptics PT20X-USB-xx-G2: Versions 6.2.73 and prior (CVE-2025-35451)
  • PTZOptics PT30X-SDI-xx-G2: Versions 6.3.30 and prior (CVE-2025-35451)
  • PTZOptics PT30X-NDI-xx: Versions 6.3.30 and prior (CVE-2025-35451)
  • PTZOptics PT12X-ZCAM: Versions 7.2.76 and prior (CVE-2025-35451)
  • PTZOptics PT20X-ZCAM: Versions 7.2.82 and prior (CVE-2025-35451)
  • PTZOptics PTVL-ZCAM: Versions 7.2.79 and prior (CVE-2025-35451)
  • PTZOptics PTEPTZ-ZCAM-G2: Versions 8.1.81 and prior (CVE-2025-35451)
  • PTZOptics PTEPTZ-NDI-ZCAM-G2: Versions 8.1.81 and prior (CVE-2025-35451)
  • PTZOptics PT12X-SDI-xx-G2: All versions (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT12X-NDI-xx: All versions (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT12X-USB-xx-G2: All versions (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT20X-SDI-xx-G2: All versions (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOpticsPT20X-NDI-xx: All versions (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT20X-USB-xx-G2: All versions (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT30X-SDI-xx-G2: All versions (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT30X-NDI-xx: All versions (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT12X-ZCAM: All versions (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT20X-ZCAM: All versions (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PTVL-ZCAM: All versions (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PTEPTZ-ZCAM-G2: All versions (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PTEPTZ-NDI-ZCAM-G2 All versions (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT12X-4K-xx-G3: Versions 0.0.58 and prior (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT20X-4K-xx-G3: Versions 0.0.85 and prior (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT30X-4K-xx-G3: Versions 2.0.64 and prior (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT12X-LINK-4K-xx: Versions 0.0.63 and prior (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT20X-LINK-4K-xx: Versions 0.0.89 and prior (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT30X-LINK-4K-xx: Versions 2.0.71 and prior (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT12X-SE-xx-G3: Versions 9.1.43 and prior (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT20X-SE-xx-G3: Versions 9.1.32 and prior (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT30X-SE-xx-G3: Versions 9.1.33 and prior (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PT-STUDIOPRO: Versions 9.0.41 and prior (CVE-2025-35452)
  • PTZOptics PTZOptics VL Fixed Camera/NDI Fixed Camera: Versions 7.2.94 and prior
  • SMTAV Pan-Tilt-Zoom Cameras: All versions
  • multiCAM Systems Pan-Tilt-Zoom Cameras: All versions
  • ValueHD Pan-Tilt-Zoom Cameras: All versions

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 IMPROPER AUTHENTICATION CWE-287

PTZOptics PT30X-SDI/NDI-xx before firmware 6.3.40 is vulnerable to an insufficient authentication issue. The camera does not properly enforce authentication to /cgi-bin/param.cgi when requests are sent without an HTTP Authorization header. The result is a remote and unauthenticated attacker can leak sensitive data such as usernames, password hashes, and configurations details. Additionally, the attacker can update individual configuration values or overwrite the whole file.

CVE-2024-8956 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-8956. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN AN OS COMMAND (‘OS COMMAND INJECTION’) CWE-78

PTZOptics PT30X-SDI/NDI-xx before firmware 6.3.40 is vulnerable to an OS command injection issue. The camera does not sufficiently validate the ntp_addr configuration value which may lead to arbitrary command execution when ntp_client is started. When chained with CVE-2024-8956, a remote and unauthenticated attacker can execute arbitrary OS commands on affected devices.

CVE-2024-8957 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.2 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-8957. A base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 USE OF HARD-CODED CREDENTIALS CWE-798

Certain PTZOptics and possibly other ValueHD-based cameras have SSH or telnet or both enabled by default. Operating system users with administrative privileges (including the root user) have default passwords that are trivial to crack. The passwords cannot be changed by the user, nor can the SSH or telnet service be disabled by the user.

CVE-2025-35451 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-35451. A base score of 9.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 USE OF HARD-CODED CREDENTIALS CWE-798

PTZOptics and possibly other ValueHD-based cameras use a default, shared password for the administrative web interface. The table below shows the affected firmware. This has been patched on production firmware for the current generation of devices.

CVE-2025-35452 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-35452. A base score of 9.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

  • CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Commercial Facilities, Critical Manufacturing, Government Services and Facilities, Healthcare and Public Health
  • COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
  • COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: PTZOptics – United States; multiCAM Systems – United States; ValueHD – China; SMTAV – China

3.4 RESEARCHER

An anonymous researcher reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

PTZOptics has provided a fix to the affected versions for the listed CVEs. The fix for each product can be obtained on the PTZOptics Known Vulnerabilities and Fixes site.

ValueHD, multiCAM Systems, and SMTAV did not respond to requests for coordination. Contact the respective companies through the following means for more information:

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

  • Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
  • Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
  • When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

  • June 12, 2025: Initial Publication

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Read More – All CISA Advisories 

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